JARACAL

26.05.2010
Inenting teen slenkdalkoors: Alles wat boere moet weet

DIT is nie prakties moontlik om die vektore (muskiete) wat slenkdalkoorsvirus versprei, uit te roei nie. Daarom is immunisering van beeste, bokke en skape en die bewegingsbeperkings soos dit huidig geld, die enigste werkbare beheermaatre?l.

Dr. Rainer Hassel, veearts en dieregesondheidskonsultant by Agra, s? dit is nie die praktyk onder boere in Namibi? om as deel van hul roetine-immuniseringsplan hul diere teen slenkdalkoors in te ent nie.

Een rede is dat die periodes tussen slenkdalkoors-uitbrekings baie lank is. Namibi? het in 1974 laas ?n werklike epidemie van die siekte gehad. Die eerste uitbreking daarna het in 1985 plaasgevind en was nie omvangryk nie, s? dr. Hassel.

Intussen het 25 jaar verloop voordat slenkdalkoors nou weer in die land gediagnoseer is. Indien slenkdalkoors eers voorkom, kan dit egter baie vinnig van plaas tot plaas versprei.

Dr. Hassel s? dit is daarom van die uiterste belang dat produsente die beheermaatre?ls wat deur die direktoraat veeartsenydienste afgekondig is, getrou nakom en gehoor gee aan die oproep om hul diere te immuniseer.

Onderstepoort Biologiese Produkte (OBP) het onlangs in ?n verklaring gewaarsku dit is byna onmoontlik om die omvang en erns van die slenkdalkoors-epidemie in Suid-Afrika (en ook hier in Namibi?) te voorspel.

Die OBP s? vorige gebruikspatrone van entstowwe teen slenkdalkoors ? soos dit blyk uit bewusmakingsveldtogte en vergelykende studies ? teenoor die huidige vraag wys duidelik baie Suid-Afrikaanse boere het nie hul vee hierteen inge?nt nie.

Dit het daartoe gelei dat ?n groot persentasie van veekuddes in die streek hoogs vatbaar vir slenkdalkoors geword het. In die verklaring wys OBP daarop dat hy twee soorte entstowwe teen slenkdalkoors vervaardig, naamlik ge?naktiveerde (dooie) en geattenueerde (lewendige) entstof.

Die produksievolume is sedert die uitbreking in Suid-Afrika by die groter vraag aangepas. Namibi? behoort teen die einde van die week van die lewendige entstof in voorraad te h?, terwyl die dooie entstof eers teen einde Junie of begin Julie in die land verwag word, het dr. Hassel gister aan Republikein ges?.

Luidens die OBP-verklaring kan entstof nie as ?n behandeling gebruik word nie, maar slegs as ?n voorkomende maatre?l. Die lewendige entstof wat deur Onderstepoort Biologiese Produkte gemaak word, kan in alle niedragtige beeste, skape en bokke gebruik word en gee goeie beskerming in alle vee.

Di? entstof is goedkoper as die dooie entstof en die dier hoef net een keer in sy lewe inge?nt te word. Dit is maklik om die lewende entstof te produseer. Boere moet egter nie dragtige diere met die lewende entstof inent nie, want ?n klein persentasie aborsies of fetale misvorming kan voorkom.

Dragtige skape, bokke en beeste kan met die dooie entstof inge?nt word. Die entstof is duur en tydrowend om te produseer en het ?n kort rakleeftyd van een jaar. Diere moet jaarliks gedurende die lente met die dooie entstof inge?nt word.

Jong diere of diere wat nog nie voorheen met die dooie entstof inge?nt is nie, moet drie weke n? die aanvanklike inenting ?n tweede of skraagdosis inenting kry. Diere ontwikkel eers ?n goeie immuniteit 2-3 maande na inenting.

Dit sal verseker dat hulle nie die siekte opdoen nie en so word mense wat met sulke diere werk of noue kontak het, onregstreeks beskerm. Raadpleeg die veearts aangaande immuniseringsprogramme.

Lewendige (geattenueerde) entstof

Diere kan op enige ouderdom inge?nt word, behalwe dat lammers, kalwers en bokkies van gesoute diere nie inge?nt moet word voordat hulle ses maande oud is nie omdat die teenliggame in die biesmelk die uitwerking van die entstof mag belemmer.

Hierdie siekte kom gedurende die laat somer en herfs voor en daarom is dit wenslik om vatbare diere gedurende die lente, 3?6 weke voordat die ooie by die ramme geplaas word, in te ent.

Indien moontlik moet teling so gere?l word dat ooie vanaf Februarie tot April lam om te verseker dat lammers beskerm is deur die teenliggame in die biesmelk gedurende die tyd van die jaar wanneer hierdie siekte voorkom.

Waarskuwings

Moet nie diere binne 7 dae na inenting vir menslike verbruik slag nie. Slegs gesonde diere moet inge?nt word. Hou buite die bereik van kinders, oningeligte persone en diere.

Onder normale omstandighede behoort dragtige diere nie met lewende entstof inge?nt te word nie, aangesien dit in ?n klein persentasie van di? diere, maar veral in skape, aborsies of fetale misvorming kan veroorsaak.

Hoewel hierdie produk breedvoerig onder ?n wye verskeidenheid van toestande getoets is, mag dit as gevolg van verskeie redes faal. Indien dit vermoed word, raadpleeg ?n veearts en verwittig die registrasiehouer.

Gebruiksaanwysings

Gebruik slegs soos voorgeskryf. Steriliseer spuite en naalde deur dit vir ten minste 15 minute in water te kook. Moet nie ontsmettingsmiddels of brandspiritus gebruik om spuite en naalde te steriliseer nie.

Die aktiewe bestanddeel van die entstof is in die vorm van ?n poeier of klont in ?n klein botteltjie. Dra 5 ml verdunningsvloeistof met ?n steriele spuit oor na die botteltjie gedroogde entstof. Meng deeglik totdat die poeier opgelos is.

Dra die opgeloste entstof terug na die oorgeblewe verdunningsvloeistof en meng weer goed. Die entstof is nou gereed vir gebruik en moet dadelik ingespuit word. Vermy blootstelling aan ho? temperature en direkte sonlig gedurende inenting.

Skud die bottel goed voor gebruik. Gebruik ?n afsonderlike naald vir elke dier, veral tydens slenkdalkoors- uitbrekings.

Dosis

Beeste, skape en bokke: 1 ml onderhuids

Uitwerking van die entstof

?n Ligte koorsreaksie wat gou verdwyn, mag vanaf die tweede tot vierde dag na inenting voorkom en na drie weke is die diere ten volle beskerm.

Een inenting verleen gewoonlik lewenslange immuniteit, maar alle diere sal nie noodwendig volledig beskerm word nie. Die entstof is beskikbaar in bottels van 100 dosisse en moet by ?n temperatuur van 4?C tot 8?C in ?n yskas geb?re word.

Moet nie die entstof gebruik n? die vervaldatum wat op die bottel gedruk is nie.

Dooie (ge?naktiveerde) entstof

Vatbare diere kan op enige ouderdom en ongeag die stadium van dragtigheid of laktasie inge?nt word. Kalwers of lammers van ge?mmuniseerde diere kan slegs doeltreffend inge?nt word n? die ouderdom van ses maande.

Jaarlikse inenting word aanbeveel en dit is wenslik om gedurende laat winter of vroe? lente te ent.

Waarskuwings

Moet nie diere binne 7 dae na inenting vir menslike verbruik slag nie.

Slegs gesonde diere moet inge?nt word. Hou buite bereik van kinders, oningeligte persone en diere. Hoewel hierdie produk breedvoerig onder ?n wye verskeidenheid van toestande getoets is, mag dit as gevolg van verskeie redes faal.

Indien dit vermoed word, raadpleeg ?n veearts en verwittig die registrasiehouer.

Gebruiksaanwysings

Gebruik slegs soos voorgeskryf. Steriliseer spuite en naalde deur dit vir ten minste 15 minute in water te kook. Moet nie ontsmettingsmiddels of brandspiritus gebruik om spuite en naalde te steriliseer nie.

Gebruik ?n afsonderlike steriele naald vir elke dier. Skud die bottel goed voor gebruik. Vermy blootstelling van die entstof aan ho? temperature en direkte sonlig gedurende inenting.

Dosis Beeste 2 ml onderhuids Skape en bokke 1 ml onderhuids

Uitwerking van die entstof

Optimale beskerming word verkry met ?n skraagdosis 3 ? 4 weke na aanvanklike inenting, met jaarlikse her-inenting.

Die entstof is beskikbaar in bottels van 100 ml.

Bronne:

Dr. Rainer Hassel, veearts en dieregesondheidswetenskaplike by Agra. Drs. Jan du Preez en Faffa Malan, albei van Intervet. Onderstepoort Biologiese Produkte by www.obpvaccines.co.za

Ronelle Rademeyer

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REPUBLIC OF NAMIBIA
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, WATER AND FORESTRY
Tel: (264) 61 2087513 Directorate of Veterinary Services
Fax: (264) 61 2087779 Government Office Park
Private Bag 12022
AUSSPANNPLATZ
1 June 2010
Press Release # 4
Outbreak of Rift Valley Fever
The Directorate of Veterinary Services would like to update the farming community and the
general public with regards to the latest developments concerning the Rift Valley Fever
outbreak.
1. Trade in live animals
? Following discussions with South African Veterinary Authorities, the Directorate of
Veterinary Services wishes to announce the following:
? The export of live cattle, sheep and goats from Namibia to South Africa will resume
under the following conditions.
? The animals have been resident outside the Hardap and Karas regions before
the 10th of May 2010 OR were vaccinated with a modified live vaccine 21 days
prior to leaving the Hardap and Karas regions.
? Animals from other regions which transit through the Hardap and Karas regions
must have been vaccinated 21 days prior to shipment with a modified live virus
vaccine.
? Farmers will be expected to provide evidence to the export certifying state
veterinarian of having vaccinated their livestock. Farmers will therefore be
expected notify the state veterinarian at least 3 working days prior to inoculation
of their livestock. After inoculation, provide proof of purchase of vaccine and
empty vaccine containers and;
i. In the case of cattle, they shall provide a list of ear-tags numbers and
brand marks of vaccinated animals as well as date of inoculation.
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ii. In the case of small stock, all small stock (except pregnant females) on the
property shall be vaccinated; and the date of vaccination, the number
vaccinated and the brand mark of the animals vaccinated shall be notified
to the state veterinarian. Oil paint shall be used to mark all vaccinated
small stock. After inoculation, only vaccinated small stock (with proof of
vaccination) may be introduced into the farm. The exemption for pregnant
females will be removed once the inactivated Rift Valley Fever vaccine is
available on the market.
? All live animals destined for the export South African market shall be inspected at
loading by a veterinary official and the vehicle sealed.
2. Biltong for Own Consumption
? The quantities of break dry biltong or dr?e wors that may be exported to South Africa for
own use or own consumption has temporarily been increased to 200kg subject to a
South African import permit and a health certificate issued by the Directorate of
Veterinary Services of Namibia. The reason for this is to make provision for the hunters
who may not export fresh venison due to the trade restrictions put in place because of
the Rift Valley Fever Outbreak.
? A maximum of 10 kg of break dry biltong or dr?e wors may be exported to South Africa
without a South African import permit but subject to a health certificate issued by the
Directorate of Veterinary Services of Namibia.
3. Biltong for Commercial Purposes
? The biltong or dr?e wors was derived from animals that were hunted outside the Hardap
and Karas regions by harvesting teams under official supervision of the Namibian
veterinary authorities OR in the case of animals hunted within the Hardap and Karas
regions the meat was matured at a temperature above +2?C for a minimum period of 24
hours following harvesting in an export approved abattoir.
4. Venison for Commercial Purposes
? The animals were hunted outside of the Hardap and Karas regions by harvesting teams
under official supervision of the Namibian veterinary authorities OR in the case of
animals hunted inside of the Hardap and Karas regions the meat was matured at a
temperature above +2?C for a minimum period of 24 hours following harvesting.
5. Pasteurized Milk and Matured Beef, Lamb, Mutton and Goat Meat
? Pasteurized milk and meat (beef, lamb, mutton and goat meat) matured at a
temperature above +2?C for a minimum of 24 hours and processed at abattoirs
approved for export to South Africa can be exported to that country subject to an import
permit and health certificate signed by a state veterinarian of the Directorate of
Veterinary Services of Namibia.
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6. All preventive and control measures announced in Press Release No. 3 remain in
force.
The Directorate of Veterinary Services would like to thank the farming community, livestock
industry stakeholders and the general public for their cooperation so far in dealing with the Rift
Valley Fever outbreak.
Dr C. Bamhare
Acting Chief Veterinary Officer

2.06.2010
Slenkdalkoors-maatre?ls verder verslap
GOEIE nuus het gister vir veeprodusente en biltongjagters gekom met die verslapping van maatre?ls rakende die vervoer van diere en vleisprodukte binne en deur die streke wat deur slenkdalkoors geraak word. Die verslapte maatre?ls is gister deur die direktoraat veeartsenydienste in die Ministerie van Landbou, Water en Bosbou aangekondig.

N? gesprekvoering met die Suid- Afrikaanse veeartsenykundige owerheid, is toegewings gemaak vir die uitvoer van lewendige skape, beeste en bokke na Suid- Afrika op die voorwaarde dat die diere voor 10 Mei buite die Karasen Hardap-streek woonagtig was. Indien die diere in di? tyd binne die twee streke gewoon het, moet hulle 21 dae voor hulle na die buurland uitgevoer word, met ?n lewendige entstof teen slenkdalkoors inge?nt word.

Diere van ander streke wat deur die Karas- of Hardap-streek na Suid-Afrika vervoer gaan word, is ook onderhewig aan inentings met ?n lewendige entstof 21 dae voor die beplande uitvoer. Van produsente word verwag om bewys te lewer dat diere wel inge?nt is wanneer die uitvoeraansoek aan beamptes van veeartseny vir sertifisering voorgel? word.

Die produsent moet die staatsveearts drie dae voor die inenting van sy intensie in kennis stel en moet die bewys van aankoop en die le? houertjies vir voorlegging hou. Wanneer beeste inge?nt word, moet ?n lys van die diere se oorplaatjienommers en die brandmerke van die ge?nte diere asook die datum waarop hulle gespuit is, saam met bogenoemde bewyse van inenting verskaf word. In die geval van kleinvee (dragtige ooie uitgesluit), moet alle kleinvee-eenhede op die eiendom inge?nt word.

Die datum waarop hulle ge?nt is, die aantal wat gespuit is en die brandmerk van die diere moet aan die staatsveearts verstrek word. Olieverf moet gebruik word om die diere wat inge?nt is, te merk. Die uitsluiting van dragtige ooie by die vervoer van diere sal opgehef word sodra die onaktiewe entstof wat nie vir die ooie of hul lammers skadelik is nie, beskikbaar is.

Alle diere wat na Suid-Afrika uitgevoer gaan word, sal voor hulle gelaai word deur ?n veeartsenykundige beampte ge?nspekteer word waarna die vragmotor waarmee hulle vervoer word, verse?l sal word. Wat biltongjag vir eie gebruik betref, is die kwota vir die hoeveelheid breekbare, dro? biltong en dro?wors wat na Suid-Afrika uitgevoer mag word, verhoog na 200 kg onderhewig aan ?n invoerpermit van die Suid-Afrikaanse regering.

?n Gesondheidsertifikaat wat deur die Namibiese direktoraat veeartsenydienste uitgereik is, is ook ?n vereiste. Sou ?n invoerpermit van die Suid-Afrikaanse regering nie in die jagter se besit wees nie, mag net 10 kg breekbare dro? biltong en dro?wors uitgevoer word.

Ook in hierdie geval moet jagters ?n gesondheidsertifikaat van die Namibiese direktoraat veeartsenydienste h?. Diere wat vir kommersi?le biltongproduksie gebruik word, moet deur oesjagspanne buite die Hardap- en Khomas-streek geskiet word.

In die geval waar diere binne hierdie streke geskiet is, moet die karkas teen temperature van bo 2? vir ?n tydperk van 24 uur n? die dier geskiet is by ?n uitvoerabattoir rypgemaak word.

Dieselfde geld vir wildvleis. Gepasteuriseerde melk en rypgemaakte vleis (bees, skaap en bok) wat vir 24 uur teen temperature bo 2? by uitvoerabattoirs rypgemaak word, kan na Suid- Afrika uitgevoer word onderhewig aan ?n invoerpermit uit Suid-Afrika en ?n gesondheidsertifikaat wat deur die Namibiese direktoraat veeartsenydienste uitgereik is.

Sanet de Waal

REPUBLIC
OF
NAMIBIA


MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, WATER AND FORESTRY


Tel: (264) 61 2087513 Directorate of Veterinary Services
Fax: (264) 61 2087779 Government Office Park
Private Bag 12022
AUSSPANNPLATZ
4 June 2010
Press Release # 5
Outbreak of Rift Valley Fever

The Directorate of Veterinary Services would like to update the farming community and the
general public with regards to the latest developments concerning the Rift Valley Fever
outbreak.

Following the determination that the outbreak is restricted and isolated to a few farms the
Directorate and after consultation with the South African Veterinary authorities, wishes to
announce that a number of restrictions have now been lifted and are explained in the next
paragraphs.

1.
The Directorate Animal Health of South Africa will allow the importation (into
South Africa) the following commodities:
?
Live Ruminants
Live ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats and game) into South Africa under a RSA
veterinary import permit and health certificate processed by a the Directorate of
Veterinary Services of Namibia provided that:
i.
The animals did not transit through a Rift Valley Fever infected zone during
transportation.
ii.
The animals originate from an area that is not within a 5km radius of any farms
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under restriction for Rift Valley Fever.

iii.
Cattle, sheep and goats to be exported to South Africa through Botswana are still
required to be vaccinated against Rift Valley Fever 21 days prior to movement.
iv.
In view of iii) above, all unvaccinated livestock and game can only be exported
through designated border posts between Namibia and South Africa (Ariamsvlei and
Noordoewer) until further notice.
?
Meat and Biltong
i.
Meat from the Foot and Mouth Disease free zone can now be exported without the
need for maturation of the meat.
ii. Venison that is hunted for own use/consumption shall be subject to a health certificate
attesting that the animals from which the meat is derived were not hunted in an area
under restrictions for Rift Valley Fever.
iii. The quantities of break dry biltong or dr?e wors that may be exported to South Africa for
own use or own consumption has temporarily been increased to 200kg. However, this is
subject to a South African veterinary import permit and a health certificate issued by the
Directorate of Veterinary Services of Namibia. People who were issued with veterinary
permits for 200kg of biltong must request a written dispensation from the South African
veterinary permit office in Pretoria, should they wish to import venison also.
2.
The Directorate of Veterinary Services (Namibia) will allow the importation of the
following commodities
i.
Breeding animals from South Africa 21 days after vaccination against RVF if
accompanied by a Veterinary Import Permit and Health Certificate issued by the
Directorate of Veterinary Services.
ii.
A maximum of 25 kg of meat per passenger vehicle can be imported into Namibia
without an import permit or health certificate.
3.
Movement of Livestock within Namibia
i.
Movement of livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, camels and game) within the country is
now permitted subject to a movement permit issued by the Directorate of Veterinary
Services, except from farms that are under restriction for Rift Valley Fever or other
reasons.
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ii.
Farms under movement restriction due to Rift Valley Fever will be allowed to move
livestock 21 days after vaccination. No live game animal will be allowed to be moved
from the restricted farms
4. Vaccination
The Directorate of Veterinary Services predicts that there is an increased risk of a Rift
Valley Fever epidemic in the coming rain season and all livestock (cattle, sheep and
goats) in the Hardap and Karas regions must be vaccinated before the onset on the
rains. In this regard, DVS will announce shortly measures to be followed with regards to
vaccination.

i.
Transporters intending to move animals through Botswana are expected to vaccinate
their livestock with an attenuated live vaccine at least 21 days prior to movement. Prior
arrangements with the local state veterinary office must be made to avoid problems.
ii.
In the mean time farmers who have vaccinated or would like to vaccinate their livestock
must inform their State Veterinarian 3 working days prior to vaccination, provide proof
of purchase of vaccine and empty vaccine containers and;
?
In the case of cattle, they shall provide a list of ear-tags numbers and brand
marks of vaccinated animals as well as date of inoculation.
?
In the case of small stock, all small stock (except pregnant females) on the
property shall be vaccinated; and the date of vaccination, the number vaccinated
and the brand mark of the animals vaccinated shall be notified to the state
veterinarian. Oil paint shall be used to mark all vaccinated small stock. After
inoculation, only vaccinated small stock (with proof of vaccination) may be
introduced into the farm. The exemption for pregnant females will be removed
once the inactivated Rift Valley Fever vaccine is available on the market.
The lifting of these restrictions is by no means permanent and new measures and information
will be released as it becomes available.

5. Personal Protection
The Directorate of Veterinary Services wishes to reiterate that Rift Valley Fever can infect and
cause illness in humans particularly those who come into close contact with sick animals,
aborted fetuses, blood and other body fluids especially during handling, slaughtering,
butchering and milking. It is advised to wear rubber gloves and face masks when carrying such
activities where the disease is suspected to be present and to exercise stringent hygiene such
as thorough washing of hands with soap and water, disinfecting contaminated clothing and
equipment. Please note that meat intended for human consumption (from healthy animals)
must be chilled and matured at +2?C for a minimum period of 24 hours which will inactivate the
virus if present. The disease can also be transmitted to humans by mosquitoes and biting flies.

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Once again the Directorate of Veterinary Services wishes to thank the role players in the
livestock industry for their understanding and collaboration in dealing with the issue of Rift
Valley Fever.


Dr C. Bamhare
Acting Chief Veterinary Officer